Methods to reduce the loss of solar panel efficiency

The main reason for the current solar panel conversion inefficiency is the loss of "low-energy photon energy" and "high-energy photon energy", both of which limit the theoretical limiting efficiency of solar panels to about 40%. The following is a brief description of how to improve each loss mechanism.

1. Reduce the energy loss of low-energy photons

Using low bandgap optoelectronic semiconductor materials, for example, typical crystalline silicon has a bandgap of 1.1 eV and therefore can only absorb photons with wavelengths shorter than 1100 nm.

2. Reduce high-energy photon energy loss

The use of high bandgap optoelectronic semiconductor materials. The first two points, the combination of multi-band gap semiconductor materials can effectively improve the use of different energy photons.

3. Reduce the absorption efficiency and reflection loss: (1) maximize the use of high light absorption coefficient of the semiconductor material; (2) reduce the area of the metal electrode, with transparent conductive electrode to replace part of the metal electrode; (3) increase the surface roughness of the material, Antireflection materials are used to reduce the reflection loss caused by surface reflections.

4. Reduce the open circuit voltage loss. Adjust the concentration of doping impurities and the Fermi level of raw materials.

5. Reduce the fill factor loss: (1) the use of surface passivation layer on the surface of the solar panel or the back of the electrode to reduce dangling bonds; (2) the use of high purity (low impurity) solar panel materials and better preparation process Reduce the body compound within the device; (3) Use a good conductor as the electrode, and use a better electrode structure design to reduce series resistance.

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Sunshine and electricity counterparts, Di Sheng accompanied with you.